RIVER INTAKE STRUCTURE

RIVER INTAKE

As we know intake should be located at the upstream side of the city so pollution is minimum and this river intake should be sufficiently inside the river water so need of water can be supplied at every seasons of the year. Some river intakes are constructed near the bank of river when sufficient depth is available, some are created away from the bank of river when river bed is soft or unstable near bank, sometimes water level raised by constructing weir on the river and sometimes channel created and water led to the intake tower. This all situations divides river intake into two major types: (1) Single well type intake and (2) Twin well type intake. Parts of river intake are Intake well, Intake pipe and Jack well. River intake well has two parts, lower part is Jack well and upper part is surves pump house.

SINGLE WELL TYPE RIVER INTAKE

In single well type intakes water is directly enter into jack well through the penstockes (openings) created at different level. As this is constructed near the bank of river, so intake well and intake pipe is not provided. Coarse materials can not enter in jack well as this ports(openings) at various level is guarded by screens. Silt entering into jack well settles in the bottom. Intake founded on sound footing and depth greater than souring depth.

TWIN WELL TYPE RIVER INTAKE

Intake well and jack well are apart in the twin well type river intake. Water conveyed from intake well to jack well by intake pipe. Intake well consists of rectangular or circular chamber with strong grill on the top. The intake pipe has bell mouth entry with screen and supported on concrete base.

CANAL INTAKE STRUCTURE

CANAL INTAKE Canal intake structure An irrigation canal used as the source of water when other source are far from the city. Intake structure constructed near the bank of canal. An intake chamber created inside the canal using concrete or masonry having one bell mouth entry pipe inside it. Intake chamber has opening guarded with coarse screen and bell mouth entry protected with fine screen or mesh. Bell mouth entry located at expected low water level of the canal. Water enters from this bell mouth entry and conveyed through withdrawal conduits to sump well or city.

RESERVOIR INTAKE STRUCTURE

RESERVOIR INTAKE All rivers has not sufficient depth of flow throughout the year and hence dam constructed across the river to form a reservoir having sufficient depth for intake. This intake structure built upstream side near the dam and it is similar to the river intake. A typical reservoir intake well consists number of water entry ports located at various elevations so that relatively clear top water is only drawn at all seasons. All control on this entry ports is at topnof the well. Dry intakes and wet intakes formed according to the position of entry valves outer and inner of the well respectively.

CivilAche

Search This Blog