Concrete gravity dams rely entirely on their own mass to resist external forces such as water pressure, uplift pressure, silt pressure, and seismic loads. Structural stability criteria dictate that the resultant force must fall within the middle third of the base to prevent tension cracks, and the maximum compressive stress must not exceed the allowable limit of the concrete. For safe passage of excess floodwaters, overflow spillways are designed using standard discharge equations governed by head over the crest: Q = C * L * H^(3/2) Energy dissipators likestilling basins are subsequently engineered downstream to neutralize the high kinetic energy of plunging water and prevent riverbed scour. With shifting monsoon cloudburst patterns increasing peak inflow volumes, older dam assets across India face unprecedented hydraulic stress. Driven by the Dam Safety Act framework in India, modern reservoir management integrates real-time structural health monitoring (SHM) systems. Dams are...